TMD (temporomandibular disorders) is a group of conditions, which are often painful, affecting the jaw joint and the muscles that control chewing. Discomfort from TMD is usually occasional and temporary, sometimes occurring in cycles. However, it can be chronic and persistent. Temporomandibular disorders fall into three categories. First is discomfort or pain in the muscles that control jaw function and the neck and shoulder muscles. Second is a dislocated jaw or displaced disc, or injury to the joint. Third is degenerative joint disease, such as arthritis, in the jaw joint. A person may have more than one of these conditions at the same time. Occasional discomfort in the jaw joint or chewing muscles is common and is generally not a cause for concern.
The rounded ends of the lower jaw glide along the temporomandibular joint sockets of the temporal bone. A soft disc absorbs shock to the joint from chewing and other movement.
TMD can be caused by jaw injury, poor teeth alignment, some orthodontic treatment, sleep disorders, stress, grinding or clenching teeth.
Symptoms:
Pain, limited movement or locking of the jaw. Radiating pain in the face, neck or shoulders.
Clicking, popping or grating sounds in the jaw joint.
